What is plane strain stress?

Plane strain is applicable to rolling, drawing and forging where flow in a particular direction is constrained by the geometry of the machinery, e.g. a well-lubricated die wall. A specific example of this is in rolling, where the major deformation occurs perpendicular to the roll axis.

What is the difference between engineering stress and true stress?

True stress is the applied load divided by the actual cross-sectional area (the changing area with time) of material. Engineering stress is the applied load divided by the original cross-sectional area of material. Also known as nominal stress.

What is stress and strain in engineering?

When a material is loaded with a force, it produces a stress, which then causes a material to deform. Engineering strain is defined as the amount of deformation in the direction of the applied force divided by the initial length of the material.

What is the difference between true stress-strain and engineering stress-strain diagram?

The curve based on the original cross-section and gauge length is called the engineering stress-strain curve, while the curve based on the instantaneous cross-section area and length is called the true stress-strain curve.

What is the difference between plane stress and plane strain?

Plane stress is used for very thin objects. It assumes that stresses in out of plane direction are equal to zero. However it does not imply that all strain components in that direction are zero too. Plane strain is used for very long objects. It assumes that strains in out of plane direction are equal to zero.

Why are thick plates assumed to be plane strain condition?

So thick plates are assumed to be plane strain condition. In thin plates subject to biaxial state of stress, plane stress condition is assumed as no stress is acting in z-direction. However subject to biaxial stress poissons contraction will be there but the z-direction stress cannot be sustained.

What is in-plane and out-plane shear stress?

If we consider any plane, the shear stress in that specific plane is called in-plane shear stress and other two stresses are out-plane shear stress. This type of stress generally found in thin cylindrical closed pressure vessels where maximum shear stress occurs in an out-plane, i.e.

Is plane stress always true on a free surface?

This is a good approximation for thin plates, but it is fully true only in the limit when the thickness approaches zero. On a free surface, a local state of plane stress always prevails, since this is exactly the boundary condition.