Table of Contents
- 1 How do chromosomes affect DNA?
- 2 What factors could affect the success of extraction of DNA from strawberries or other plants?
- 3 What happens to DNA genes when we eat plants and animals?
- 4 What are the three barriers to extracting DNA from plant tissue How are those barriers removed to extract DNA?
- 5 Does each chromosome have the same DNA?
- 6 Why is banana and strawberry suitable for DNA extraction?
- 7 When does the number of DNA molecules increase or decrease?
- 8 Why do strawberries have an odd number of chromosomes?
How do chromosomes affect DNA?
What do chromosomes do? The unique structure of chromosomes keeps DNA tightly wrapped around spool-like proteins, called histones. Without such packaging, DNA molecules would be too long to fit inside cells.
What factors could affect the success of extraction of DNA from strawberries or other plants?
What factors could affect the success of extraction of DNA from strawberries or other plants? Answers may include: amount of DNA in a particular fruit, the number of cells in the fruit, ripeness of the fruit, following procedures, etc.
Does the amount of DNA differ when extracted from different fruits?
The simple answer is that not all fruits are the same; extractable DNA can vary from fruit type to type, and even with the same fruit, it may vary from stage to stage. Even the same fruits at different stages of development will yield different amounts of extractable DNA.
How does DNA affect our traits?
Remember DNA is condensed into chromosomes. Within these chromosomes, there are sections called genes that control specific characteristics or traits. These genes have both a dominant and recessive form. If you have two dominant or two recessive genes for a given trait, you are said to be homozygous for that trait.
What happens to DNA genes when we eat plants and animals?
Eating GM food will not affect a person’s genes. Most of the food we eat contains genes, although in cooked or processed foods, most of the DNA has been destroyed or degraded and the genes are fragmented. Our digestive system breaks them down without any effect on our genetic make-up.
What are the three barriers to extracting DNA from plant tissue How are those barriers removed to extract DNA?
To release the DNA you will have to get through three barriers—cell wall, plasma membrane and nuclear membrane. The toughest barrier is the cell wall. How can you break through a plant cell’s barriers to release the DNA? There are also proteins called DNAse enzymes that can break down genetic material.
Why are we not harmed by eating DNA?
Basically, DNA, like proteins and complex carbohydrates, gets broken down into pieces – this is what digestion is all about. Your teeth mash it up and enzymes throughout your digestive tract cut it to pieces. Our world is awash with DNA and always has been but there is no clear evidence that eating DNA can harm you.
How many chromosomes did in plants have?
If the diploid chromosome number of a flowering plant is 24, then the somatic cells of the plant each contain 24 chromosomes (12 maternal and 12 paternal). Each of the three haploid nuclei in the germinated pollen grain must contain 12 chromosomes, and each of the 8 nuclei within the embryo sac contain 12 chromosmes.
Does each chromosome have the same DNA?
Each chromosome is a single molecule of DNA. Our cells have all 46 chromosomes, but they are coiled around proteins and highly coiled into the form of the chromosomes that are seen to the right. The chromosomes of eukaryotes are contained within the membrane-bound nucleus.
Why is banana and strawberry suitable for DNA extraction?
We specifically use fruits like strawberries and bananas because they are octoploid and triploid, respectively. This means that each strawberry cell has eight sets of DNA, and each banana cell has three sets, so there is a lot available for extraction. In its natural state DNA is housed in the nucleus of the cell.
Why do we extract DNA from fruits?
We will extract DNA from fruit to investigate how it looks and feels. This procedure is similar to what scientists have to do before they can use the information contained in this DNA.
How many chromosomes do plants and animals have?
In fact, each species of plants and animals has a set number of chromosomes. A fruit fly, for example, has four pairs of chromosomes, while a rice plant has 12 and a dog, 39. How are chromosomes inherited? In humans and most other complex organisms, one copy of each chromosome is inherited from the female parent and the other from the male parent.
When does the number of DNA molecules increase or decrease?
The number of DNA molecules increase only when DNA replicates that is only in S phase or synthetic phase. The number of DNA molecules decreases only when the cell divides. Now when the chromosome number change?
Why do strawberries have an odd number of chromosomes?
The odd number of chromosomes causes limited fertility due to problems of chromosome pairing during meiosis. The plants readily reproduce vegetatively through runnering, however. Also known as the musk strawberry. Its French name ” hautbois ” strawberry is anglicized as “hautboy” strawberry.
What happens when the number of chromosomes change in a cell?
In some cases, a change in the number of chromosomes occurs only in certain cells. When an individual’s cells differ in their chromosomal makeup, it is known as chromosomal mosaicism. Chromosomal mosaicism occurs from an error in cell division in cells other than eggs and sperm.
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