Can you intensify gravity?

Adding a pad of high density material (heavy metals, or iron) could increase gravity since gravity decreases by the inverse square, having the mass as close possible to the astronauts feet would help. Still likely a unbelievably great challenge.

How does gravity propagate?

In the simple newtonian model, gravity propagates instantaneously: the force exerted by a massive object points directly toward that object’s present position. Strictly speaking, gravity is not a “force” in general relativity, and a description in terms of speed and direction can be tricky.

How can we increase the gravity of an object without mass?

In two ways: Relativistic gravity couples not only to the masses of the objects, but also to their pressures. So, you could amplify the gravity by increasing the pressure density, and this could in principle be done without changing the masses (i.e. the energy densities).

Is it possible to amplify the gravitational force between two bodies?

The gravitational attraction between two bodies depends only on their masses and separation. There is nothing else for the “amplifier” to couple to. In general relativity: practically speaking, no. For one thing in all “mundane” situations the predictions will be identical to those of Newton.

Is it possible to create artificial gravity in space?

Let’s be clear, we’re talking about incredibly small gravitational fields here, not the type of ‘artificial gravity’ that’s used throughout science fiction to keep characters on shows like Star Trek and Battlestar Galactica walking, not floating, around spacecraft. As yet, that technology isn’t possible.

Is it possible to increase the gravity of a planet?

So, you could amplify the gravity by increasing the pressure density, and this could in principle be done without changing the masses (i.e. the energy densities). I think this isn’t really what you have in mind though.