What is earth pressure soil mechanics?

In case of a rigid and unyielding retaining wall, soil mass is in rest condition and no deformation or displacement is occurred in the wall. The earth pressure under this condition is called earth pressure at rest.

Which assumption is true for Rankines earth pressure theory?

Explanation: According to the assumption of Rankine’s theory, the soil mass is semi-infinite, homogeneous, dry and cohesion less.

What do you mean by lateral earth pressure?

Lateral earth pressure is the pressure that soil exerts in the horizontal direction.

What is Rankine’s theory of failure?

Rankine’s Theory assumes that failure will occur when the maximum principal stress at any point reaches a value equal to the tensile stress in a simple tension specimen at failure. This theory is also called the Maximum Stress Theory.

What is KA and KP in soil mechanics?

Ka = Active Earth Pressure 3. Kp = Passive Earth Pressure (Passive is more like a resistance) Earth Pressure At Rest At rest earth pressure occur when there is no wall rotation such as in a braced wall. (

Which is classical earth pressure theory?

Rankine’s earth pressure theories provide the magnitude, direction and point of application of active and passive earth pressures acting on a retaining wall. These theories are known as classical earth pressure theories.

What are the two theories for calculating earth pressure on retaining walls?

There are two commonly uses lateral earth pressure theories: Coulomb (1776) and Rankine (1857).

Which of the following is the limitation of Rankin’s theory?

Limitations of Rankine’s theory : 1. As the retaining walls are usually constructed of masonary or cement concrete, the back of the wall is never smooth and hence frictional forces develop. 2. On the assumption that wall back is smooth, the resultant pressure must act parallel to the surface.

What are the two theories used to compute lateral earth pressure?

Coulomb earth pressure coefficients There are two commonly uses lateral earth pressure theories: Coulomb (1776) and Rankine (1857). An illustration of differences between at-rest, active and passive states is given in At-Rest State article.

What are the different types of lateral earth pressure theory?

Lateral earth pressure may be one of the following 3 types.

• Active earth pressure.
• Passive earth pressure.
• Earth pressure at rest.

What is Rankine’s formula?

Answers. It is an empirical formula used for the calculation of ultimate load both for short and long columns. Rankin’s formula is also known as Rankin Gordon Formula. It gives the ultimate load that column can bear before failure. If column is short, calculated load will be known as crushing load.

What is Rankine’s theory for earth pressure?

Rankine’s Theory for Earth pressure. As originally proposed, Rankine’s theory is applied to uniform cohesion-less soil only. Later it was extended to include cohesive soil by Bell in 1915.

What are the basic assumptions of Rankine theory?

The assumptions of Rankine theory are: (i) Semi-infinite mass of soil bound by a horizontal surface (ii) Wall surface is vertical and smooth (iii) Soil homogeneous, dry and cohesionless. However, the theory is extended for cohesive and submerged soils also.

How do you calculate active earth pressure from vertical stress?

The simple principle for the determination of active earth pressure at any level in Rankine’s theory is to multiply the vertical stress at that depth with the Rankine’s coefficient of active earth pressure. Vertical stress at any depth below the top of the backfill – When h = 0, active earth pressure at the top of the backfill is given by –

What are the basic assumptions of lateral earth pressure?

Rankine approached the lateral earth pressure problem with the following assumptions: The soil is homogeneous and isotropic, which means c, φ and γ have the same values everywhere, and they have the same values in all directions at every point (i.e., the strength on a vertical plane is the same as that on a horizontal plane).