What is the current FAA rule on fuel tank inerting?

Within two years, all new aircraft must include technology designed to significantly reduce the risk of center fuel tank fires as part of a final rule announced Wednesday by U.S. Transportation Secretary Mary E. Peters.

Why are aircraft fuel tanks required to have a sump?

co Aircraft Fuel Tanks. Aircraft fuel tanks are constructed with sumps to trap water. Since it is practically impossible to drain all water from the tanks through the fuel lines, the fuel tank sumps should be regularly drained in order to remove all water from the system.

Why does jet fuel hold water in suspension?

Jet fuel’s composition allows water to be easily absorbed and held in suspension. Water can be present as suspended particles in the fuel and in liquid form. The amount of suspended particles varies with the temperature of the fuel. Therefore, temperature changes result in a continuous accumulation of water.

What fuel did the SR 71 use?

Jet Propellant
Turbine Fuel, Low Volatility, JP-7, commonly known as JP-7 (referred to as Jet Propellant 7 prior to MIL-DTL-38219) is a specialized type of jet fuel developed for the United States Air Force (USAF) for use in its supersonic military aircraft; including the SR-71 Blackbird and the Boeing X-51 Waverider.

What is fuel tank inerting?

Collins Aerospace’s fuel tank inerting systems improve aircraft safety by reducing oxygen in the fuel tank to prevent combustion, even if a spark is present. As fuel is consumed during flight, the fuel level in the tank is lowered and the remaining oxygen in the ullage is replaced by non-flammable inert gas.

What is a Cdccl?

Definition: Critical Design Configuration Control Limitations (CDCCL): As applied to Fuel Tank safety policy, this term refers to a feature of the fuel system design the integrity of which must be maintained to ensure that unsafe conditions do not develop.

How long should you wait to stump the tank after refueling?

About 15 minutes is usually recommended to sump fuel after refueling.

How much water is jet fuel?

The water contents of jet fuel were 9.7 ppm, 10.1 ppm, 11.0 ppm, and 13.1 ppm when the volume percentages of toluene were 5 vol\% toluene, 8 vol\% toluene (4\% growth), 14 vol\% toluene (13\% growth), 20 vol\% toluene (35\% growth).

What is the most common contaminant in AV gas?

The most common contaminants are particulates, water, petroleum products (or their residues), and microbial growth:

• Particulates. Despite the protective coatings on the interior surfaces of fuel tanks and pipes, they contribute particulates like rust and scale to fuel.
• Water.
• Other Petroleum Products.
• Microbial growth.

Why did SR-71 leak fuel?

Titanium fouselage panels were only loosely fitted to the frame, to allow for heat expansion. This is what caused that infamous fuel leak – every single one of SR-71 ever made was leaking fuel on the runway. Also, fuel in SR-71 was used to cool the titanium surfaces in the chines – it was simply circulated behind them.

Why did the SR-71 leak?

When the Blackbird took to the sky, its airframe started leaking, leaving a trail of jet fuel on the tarmac. While many were concerned that this would render the plane useless, the Blackbird was designed to eject its specialized fuel. The leakage was also attributed to the SR-71’s lack of a fuel bladder.

Why is inerting carried out?

Tankers carry flammable cargoes. For this reason, the oxygen level inside the cargo tanks need to be such that even if the source of ignition is accidentally present, the fire triangle would still not complete. The process of reducing the oxygen level in the cargo tank is called inerting.

Can fuel be stored in a bladder tank?

A: Yes, the bladders are designed to replenish fuel and diesel to the primary tanks on a vessel. Q: What types of liquids can be stored in a bladder tank? A: All hydrocarbon fuels: diesel, aviation gas, pump gas. Water bladders are also available.

Who makes fuel bladders for hydroplanes?

Fuel Safe designed and produced Al Wasl’s custom racing fuel bladders. Fuel Safe designs and manufactures marine fuel tanks for many of the top hydroplane and off shore race teams in the world. Our marine fuel bladders and cells are designed to provide maximum protection and performance.

What is a fuel bladder used for on a boat?

Commercial Fleet Fuel Bladders Auxiliary fuel bladders and high capacity fueling system and collapsible fuel bladders for yachts and commercial fleets. These collapsible bladders can be used for fuel or chemical containment and transport with potable water options available.

Why choose arm-USA fuel bladders?

The empty bladders are collapsible so they can easily be stored in small confined areas. Whether you are racing an unlimited hydro at speeds greater than 200 mph or breaking waves on a Coast Guard cutter, ARM-USA can build the perfect fuel bladder for your boat.