What is the velocity through the small orifice?

If the orifice is small in comparison to h, the velocity of the jet is constant across the vena contracta. The Eq. (16.12) states that the velocity with which a jet of liquid escapes from a small orifice is proportional to the square root of the head above the orifice, and is known as Torricelli’s formula.

What is the constant of orifice meter?

�Orifice coefficient, generally, is 0.61 in case of flange taps and vena-contracta taps for NRe< 30,000. �In the process of calculating fluid velocity with a orifice meter, the velocity of approach is not included.

How does velocity affect flow rate?

Flow rate and velocity are related by \(Q=A\overline{v}\\\) where A is the cross-sectional area of the flow and\(\overline{v}\\\) is its average velocity. For incompressible fluids, flow rate at various points is constant.

When the velocity of a particle of a liquid flowing through pipeline at any given point is constant the flow is said to be?

The flow of fluid is said to be steady if at any given point, the velocity of each passing fluid particle remains constant.

How do you find the velocity of an orifice?

To calculate the flow rate of fluid passing through an orifice:

1. Multiply the gravitational constant g with the mean centerline H .
2. Multiply the produce with 2 .
3. Find the square root of the product.
4. Multiply the resultant with the area of orifice A and coefficient of discharge Cd .

Why is the actual velocity at vena-contracta smaller than theoretical velocity?

Explanation: Coefficient of Velocity: (i) It is defined as the ratio between the actual velocity of jet at vena-contracta and the theoretical velocity of jet. (iii) The difference between the theoretical and the actual velocites of the jet at vena-contracta is mainly due to friction at the orifice.

Where is velocity of flow less in a Venturimeter?

The cross section of the throat is much less than the cross section of the converging and diverging parts. As the fluid enters in the throat, its velocity increases and pressure decreases.

Why is a Venturimeter more accurate than an orifice meter?

Higher flow rates in high quality orifice plates gives increased accuracy. Venturimeters are widely used for high flow rates. They can handle 25-50\% more flow rate than an orifice. Orifice plates are smaller in size when compared to venturimeters.

What happens to the velocity when a viscous liquid exits a pipe?

A viscous liquid steadily exits a circular vertical pipe (with inner diameter = D) with a parabolic velocity distribution (see figure). After the fluid exits the tube, viscous forces smooth the velocity profile to a uniform value.

How do you find the outflow velocity from an orifice?

The orifice outflow velocity can be calculated by applying Bernoulli’s equation (for a steady, incompressible, frictionless flow) to a large reservoir with an opening (orifice) on its side (Figure 6.2): where h is the height of fluid above the orifice.

How do you determine the coefficient of velocity and discharge?

The coefficients of velocity and discharge are determined by measuring the trajectory of a jet issuing fluid from an orifice in the side of a reservoir under steady flow conditions, i.e., a constant reservoir head. 5.

What is the actual flow velocity and coefficient of velocity?

The actual flow velocity, however, is smaller than vi and is calculated as: Cv is the coefficient of velocity, which allows for the effects of viscosity; therefore, Cv <1.