Why is acetanilide prepared prior to Nitrophenylamine?

In order to protect the amino group from oxidation acetanilide is first nitrated to give p-nitroacetanilide and then on hydrolysis to give p-nitroaniline which is difficult to obtain by direct nitration.

Why glacial acetic acid is used in nitration of acetanilide?

Glacial acetic acid has a capability to dissolve acetanilide becz it is polar protic solvent so that it is used for dissolving acetanilide in the nitration process.

What is the aim of nitration of acetanilide?

In this electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, the acetamido group (−NHCOCH3) directs the nitronium ion (+NO2) to the ortho and para positions of the aromatic ring. 6 Thus, nitration of acetanilide principally produces ortho- and para-nitroacetanilides, with the para compound being the major product.

Why is acetanilide used instead of aniline?

Transcribed image text: Acetanilide is used instead of aniline for the nitration because aniline has an unwanted side reaction. The product of the third reaction is a diazonium salt, which is not isolated but is used immediately.

How is aniline P-nitroaniline prepared?

Dissolve 4.0 mL of aniline in 10 mL of acetic acid in a 100 mL round bottom flask. To this solution, add 5 mL of acetic anhydride and mix well by swirling. CAUTION: the reaction is exothermic and the flask becomes warm.

Why acid chloride is added in a lot during preparation of acetanilide?

Answer: Preparation of acetanilide from aniline and acetyl chloride : The nucleophilic substitution of aromatic amines with acid chloride results in the formation of N-substituted amides. Zinc is added to prevent the oxidation of aniline during the reaction. It reduces the coloured impurities present in the solution.

What is the role of acetic acid in preparation of acetanilide product from aniline?

Acetanilide is synthesized from aniline by acetylating it with acetic anhydride in presence of glacial acetic acid. In this reaction, aniline acts as the nuclepohile and acyl (CH3CO-) group from acetic anhydride acts as the electrophile. Here, the hydrogen atom of –NH2 group is replaced by the acyl group.

Why do we use glacial acetic acid?

Diluted, glacial acetic acid is used in preservation and canning of pickles and other vegetables. It is also used as a descaling agent for cleaning. Along with cleaning and canning, diluted glacial acetic acid can treat or prevent bacterial or fungal outer ear infections.

Why acetyl chloride is added in a lot during preparation of acetanilide?

Why is acetanilide preferred over aniline for a bromination?

Why is acetylation of aniline necessary prior to nitration?

Why is group of aniline acetylated before carrying out nitration? Answer: Due to the strong activating effect of group, aromatic amines readily undergo electrophilic substitution reactions and it is difficult to stop the reaction at the monosubstitution stage.

How to prepare P-nitroacetanilide from acetanilides?

Step 1: Preparation of p-Nitroacetanilide from Acetanilide. Add dry acetanilide (25 g) to glacial acetic acid (25 ml) in a beaker and then introduce concentrated sulphuric acid (50 ml) slowly with constant stirring to obtain clear solution. Place the beaker in a freezing mixture of ice and salt to cool the solution below 5 oC.

Why is acetanilide nitrated before hydrolysis?

In order to protect the amino group from oxidation acetanilide is first nitrated to give p-nitroacetanilide and then on hydrolysis to give p-nitroaniline which is difficult to obtain by direct nitration. Other names – N- (4-nitrophenyl) acetamide, p-Acetamidonitrobenzene, p-Nitroacetanilide, N-Acetyl-4-nitroaniline

How to prepare acetanilide Cal?

Acetanilide is medicinally important and it is used as febrifuge. Acetanilide cal also be prepared by acetylating aniline with acetic anhydride in the presence of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Dissolve aniline in hydrochloric acid and add acetic anhydride stir well. Pour the mixture to sodium acetate in water.

Is acetanilide flammable?

The acetanilide (C 8 H 9 NO) is an aromatic amide receives several additional names: N-acetilarilamina, N-phenylacetamide and acetanilo. It is presented as an odorless solid in the form of flakes, its chemical nature is amide, and as such it can form flammable gases when reacting with strong reducing agents.