Why is benzene more reactive than nitrobenzene?

Notice that nitrobenzene is less reactive than benzene because the nitro group is a deactivating substituent. Notice also that meta-substitution reactions on nitrobenzene are faster than para-substitution reactions because the nitro group is a meta-directing group.

Why benzene is highly reactive?

Due to its high degree of unsaturation, it is highly reactive. Unlike alkenes, it never participates in addition, oxidation, and reduction reactions. In most of its reaction, benzene undergoes substitution reaction that replaces one or more hydrogen atom with another atom or radical.

Which reactions does benzene readily undergo?

Benzene is a planar molecule having delocalized electrons above and below the plane of the ring. Hence, it is electron-rich. As a result, it is highly attractive to electron-deficient species i.e., electrophiles. Therefore, it undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions very easily.

Why is nitrobenzene less reactive to electrophilic substitution reaction?

Nitro group is an electron-withdrawing group. It removes electron density from the aromatic nucleus. The reactivity of nitrobenzene towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction is less.

Which of the following compound S is are more reactive than benzene towards electrophilic substitution reaction?

Phenol is more reactive than benzene towards electrophilic substitution reaction.

Is more easily nitrated than benzene Why?

Since the electron density is more in phenol than in benzene, therefore, phenol is more easily nitrated than benzene.

Which will be more easily nitrated benzene or nitrobenzene?

Answer Expert Verified. It is because the ease of nitration depends upon the presence of electron density on molecules to form nitratesand these reactions are electrophilic substitution reactions. Because of this toluene will undergo nitration easily then benzene and then nitrobenzene.

Does the reaction occur faster or slower than a similar reaction with benzene?

(Groups are listed in decreasing order of activation.) These directing effects occur because electrophilic substitution reactions at one position of a benzene derivative are much faster than the same reactions at another position. That is, the substitution reactions at the different ring positions are in competition.

Is benzene activating or deactivating?

If the nitrogen lone pair is either protonated with strong acid or undergoes a substitution reaction to form NR3+ , pi-donation is impossible and the group becomes strongly deactivating (see table below). ]

Why does benzene not undergo electrophilic addition?

There are delocalised electrons above and below the plane of the ring. The presence of the delocalised electrons makes benzene particularly stable. Benzene resists addition reactions because that would involve breaking the delocalisation and losing that stability.